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Section 02 - Creating a Local Linux Shell Scripting Environment

README.md

Section 02: Creating a Local Linux Shell Scripting Environment

Vagrant and VirtualBox

VirtualBox

We are going to run Linux insde virual machines. The VirtualBox is one of the virtualization softwares provides full virtualization.

  • Host and Guest
    • The Physical Computer running up virtualization softwares is the host.
    • The Virtual Computer running inside virtual machines is the guest.
  • The guest operating systems inside virtual machines think they're using real hardware.
  • VirtualBox allows the guest operating systems to access shared folders and clipboards.


Vagrant

Vagrant is a command line tool to automate the tedious process of setting up virtual machines.

  • Provides easy ways to configure reproduceable and portable work environments by default.
  • Each Box is an operating system image in Vagrant. We can use vagrant box add <NAME> to using the public created image.
  • Each Vagrant Project is a folder with a Vagrantfile. We can use vagrant init <NAME> to initialize the Vagrant project.
  • We can use vagrant up to import the box into VirtualBox and start it. Note that the virtual machine is started in headless mode.

Useful commands of Vagrant are shown below:

# connect to specify virtual machine with SSH
$ vagrant ssh <VM NAME>

$ vagrant                   # list options
$ vagrant up <VM NAME>      # starts the VM
$ vagrant halt <VM NAME>    # stops the VM
$ vagrant resume <VM NAME>  # resumes the VM
$ vagrant destroy <VM NAME> # removes the VM
$ vagrant suspend <VM NAME> # suspends the VM


Create Linux Shell Scripting Lab Environment

  1. Go to Download VirtualBox and Download Vagrant download and install softwares in need.
  2. Add the Box jasonc/centos7 to Vagrant. 
    # add the box to Vagrant
$ vagrant box add jasonc/centos7
  3. Create the vagrant project and then run Vagrant. 
    # create project folder
$ mkdir exercise01 && cd exercise01

# initialize project with box and run the virtual machine
$ vagrant init jasonc/centos7
$ vagrant up

# if there is any wrong, reboot the virtual machine
$ vagrant reload
  4. Confirm the running status and connect to the virtual machine 
    # confirm the status of virtual machine
$ vagrant status

# connect to the virtual machine with ssh
$ vagrant ssh

# stop the virtual machine
$ vagrant halt
  5. Edit the Vagrantfile to control settings and reload virtual machine 
    Vagrant.configure(2) do |config|
  config.vm.box = "jasonc/centos7"
  config.vm.hostname = "test"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "10.9.8.7"
end
  6. Moreover, follow the steps above and create project with multi virtual machines. 
    Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "jasonc/centos7"
  config.vm.define "test1" do |test1|
    test1.vm.hostname = "test1"
    test1.vm.network "private_network", ip: "10.9.8.5"
  end
  config.vm.define "test2" do |test2|
    test2.vm.hostname = "test2"
    test2.vm.network "private_network", ip: "10.9.8.6"
  end
end


Troubleshooting Tips

  • Antivirus Conflicts
  • Virtually Connect the Network Cable
  • Inspect the GUI for your Virtual Machine