docker_platform: Privilege escalation fails on ubuntu-24.04 runners

[syndr]

Tasks utilizing become for privilege escalation fail for certain RHEL-based distributions, when run on a Ubuntu 24.04 based runner (tested with Github Actions).

For example:

    - name: Create ansible service account
      vars:
        molecule_user: molecule_runner
      become: true
      block:
        - name: Create ansible group
          ansible.builtin.group:
            name: "{{ molecule_user }}"

  TASK [Create ansible group] ****************************************************
  fatal: [role-system-rocky9]: FAILED! => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3.9"}, "changed": false, "module_stderr": "sudo: PAM account management error: Authentication service cannot retrieve authentication info\nsudo: a password is required\n", "module_stdout": "", "msg": "MODULE FAILURE: No start of json char found\nSee stdout/stderr for the exact error", "rc": 1}
  fatal: [role-system-fedora41]: FAILED! => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3.13"}, "changed": false, "module_stderr": "sudo: PAM account management error: Authentication service cannot retrieve authentication info\nsudo: a password is required\n", "module_stdout": "", "msg": "MODULE FAILURE: No start of json char found\nSee stdout/stderr for the exact error", "rc": 1}
  fatal: [role-system-fedora40]: FAILED! => {"ansible_facts": {"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python3.12"}, "changed": false, "module_stderr": "sudo: PAM account management error: Authentication service cannot retrieve authentication info\nsudo: a password is required\n", "module_stdout": "", "msg": "MODULE FAILURE: No start of json char found\nSee stdout/stderr for the exact error", "rc": 1}
  changed: [role-system-ubuntu2204]
  changed: [role-system-amazon2023]

Notably affected distributions at present are:

• Rocky 9
• Fedora 40
• Fedora 41