diff --git a/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/array.rs b/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/array.rs
index a478e11d05..55ebb7e520 100644
--- a/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/array.rs
+++ b/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/array.rs
@@ -69,11 +69,17 @@ where
     T: Encode<'q, Postgres> + Type<Postgres>,
 {
     fn encode_by_ref(&self, buf: &mut PgArgumentBuffer) -> IsNull {
+        let type_info = if self.len() < 1 {
+            T::type_info()
+        } else {
+            self[0].produces().unwrap_or_else(T::type_info)
+        };
+
         buf.extend(&1_i32.to_be_bytes()); // number of dimensions
         buf.extend(&0_i32.to_be_bytes()); // flags
 
         // element type
-        match T::type_info().0 {
+        match type_info.0 {
             PgType::DeclareWithName(name) => buf.patch_type_by_name(&name),
 
             ty => {
diff --git a/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/record.rs b/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/record.rs
index 8ae55c2c0a..1d9acab9b3 100644
--- a/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/record.rs
+++ b/sqlx-core/src/postgres/types/record.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ impl<'a> PgRecordEncoder<'a> {
         'a: 'q,
         T: Encode<'q, Postgres> + Type<Postgres>,
     {
-        let ty = T::type_info();
+        let ty = value.produces().unwrap_or_else(T::type_info);
 
         if let PgType::DeclareWithName(name) = ty.0 {
             // push a hole for this type ID
diff --git a/tests/postgres/postgres.rs b/tests/postgres/postgres.rs
index 51dfbc6d37..c244a93dc1 100644
--- a/tests/postgres/postgres.rs
+++ b/tests/postgres/postgres.rs
@@ -1201,6 +1201,128 @@ async fn it_can_copy_out() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+#[sqlx_macros::test]
+async fn it_encodes_custom_array_issue_1504() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+    use sqlx::encode::IsNull;
+    use sqlx::postgres::{PgArgumentBuffer, PgTypeInfo};
+    use sqlx::{Decode, Encode, Type, ValueRef};
+
+    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
+    enum Value {
+        String(String),
+        Number(i32),
+        Array(Vec<Value>),
+    }
+
+    impl<'r> Decode<'r, Postgres> for Value {
+        fn decode(
+            value: sqlx::postgres::PgValueRef<'r>,
+        ) -> std::result::Result<Self, Box<dyn std::error::Error + 'static + Send + Sync>> {
+            let typ = value.type_info().into_owned();
+
+            if typ == PgTypeInfo::with_name("text") {
+                let s = <String as Decode<'_, Postgres>>::decode(value)?;
+
+                Ok(Self::String(s))
+            } else if typ == PgTypeInfo::with_name("int4") {
+                let n = <i32 as Decode<'_, Postgres>>::decode(value)?;
+
+                Ok(Self::Number(n))
+            } else if typ == PgTypeInfo::with_name("_text") {
+                let arr = Vec::<String>::decode(value)?;
+                let v = arr.into_iter().map(|s| Value::String(s)).collect();
+
+                Ok(Self::Array(v))
+            } else if typ == PgTypeInfo::with_name("_int4") {
+                let arr = Vec::<i32>::decode(value)?;
+                let v = arr.into_iter().map(|n| Value::Number(n)).collect();
+
+                Ok(Self::Array(v))
+            } else {
+                Err("unknown type".into())
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Encode<'_, Postgres> for Value {
+        fn produces(&self) -> Option<PgTypeInfo> {
+            match self {
+                Self::Array(a) => {
+                    if a.len() < 1 {
+                        return Some(PgTypeInfo::with_name("_text"));
+                    }
+
+                    match a[0] {
+                        Self::String(_) => Some(PgTypeInfo::with_name("_text")),
+                        Self::Number(_) => Some(PgTypeInfo::with_name("_int4")),
+                        Self::Array(_) => None,
+                    }
+                }
+                Self::String(_) => Some(PgTypeInfo::with_name("text")),
+                Self::Number(_) => Some(PgTypeInfo::with_name("int4")),
+            }
+        }
+
+        fn encode_by_ref(&self, buf: &mut PgArgumentBuffer) -> IsNull {
+            match self {
+                Value::String(s) => <String as Encode<'_, Postgres>>::encode_by_ref(s, buf),
+                Value::Number(n) => <i32 as Encode<'_, Postgres>>::encode_by_ref(n, buf),
+                Value::Array(arr) => arr.encode(buf),
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    impl Type<Postgres> for Value {
+        fn type_info() -> PgTypeInfo {
+            PgTypeInfo::with_name("unknown")
+        }
+
+        fn compatible(ty: &PgTypeInfo) -> bool {
+            [
+                PgTypeInfo::with_name("text"),
+                PgTypeInfo::with_name("_text"),
+                PgTypeInfo::with_name("int4"),
+                PgTypeInfo::with_name("_int4"),
+            ]
+            .contains(ty)
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut conn = new::<Postgres>().await?;
+
+    let (row,): (Value,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT $1::text[] as Dummy")
+        .bind(Value::Array(vec![
+            Value::String("Test 0".to_string()),
+            Value::String("Test 1".to_string()),
+        ]))
+        .fetch_one(&mut conn)
+        .await?;
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        row,
+        Value::Array(vec![
+            Value::String("Test 0".to_string()),
+            Value::String("Test 1".to_string()),
+        ])
+    );
+
+    let (row,): (Value,) = sqlx::query_as("SELECT $1::int4[] as Dummy")
+        .bind(Value::Array(vec![
+            Value::Number(3),
+            Value::Number(2),
+            Value::Number(1),
+        ]))
+        .fetch_one(&mut conn)
+        .await?;
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        row,
+        Value::Array(vec![Value::Number(3), Value::Number(2), Value::Number(1)])
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[sqlx_macros::test]
 async fn test_issue_1254() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     #[derive(sqlx::Type)]