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neio-simple.owl
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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/neio-simple.owl#"
xml:base="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/neio-simple.owl"
xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
xmlns:obo="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/"
xmlns:owl="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#"
xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"
xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
xmlns:terms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
xmlns:oboInOwl="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#"
xmlns:neural-electronic-interface-ontology="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/">
<owl:Ontology rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/neio-simple.owl">
<owl:versionIRI rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/releases/2024-06-25/neio-simple.owl"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7387-7944"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9990-8331"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1118-1738"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5260-9315"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3026"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8150-9779"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9778-4641"/>
<terms:created>2023-09-17</terms:created>
<terms:creator rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:description>The Neural Electronic Interface Ontology represents the types of devices used to interface with the central nervous system to enhance (or augment) stimuli from a subject's external environment, the conditions under which these devices should be employed, the assessment of a subject's sensory ability, and the metrics for evaluating the performance.</terms:description>
<terms:title>Neural Electronic Interface Ontology</terms:title>
<owl:versionInfo>2024-06-25</owl:versionInfo>
<foaf:homepage>https://github.com/uflcod/neural-electronic-interface-ontology</foaf:homepage>
</owl:Ontology>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Annotation properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000111 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000111"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000112 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000112">
<obo:IAO_0000111 xml:lang="en">example of usage</obo:IAO_0000111>
<obo:IAO_0000114 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122"/>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">A phrase describing how a term should be used and/or a citation to a work which uses it. May also include other kinds of examples that facilitate immediate understanding, such as widely know prototypes or instances of a class, or cases where a relation is said to hold.</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000117 xml:lang="en">PERSON:Daniel Schober</obo:IAO_0000117>
<obo:IAO_0000119 xml:lang="en">GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi></obo:IAO_0000119>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omo_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omrse_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/uberon_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">example of usage</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000114 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000114"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000115">
<obo:IAO_0000111 xml:lang="en">definition</obo:IAO_0000111>
<obo:IAO_0000111>definition</obo:IAO_0000111>
<obo:IAO_0000111>textual definition</obo:IAO_0000111>
<obo:IAO_0000114 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000122"/>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">The official definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property. Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions.</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">2012-04-05:
Barry Smith
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible.
Can you fix to something like:
A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property.
Alan Ruttenberg
Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria.
On the specifics of the proposed definition:
We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition.
Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable.
We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">2012-04-05:
Barry Smith
The official OBI definition, explaining the meaning of a class or property: 'Shall be Aristotelian, formalized and normalized. Can be augmented with colloquial definitions' is terrible.
Can you fix to something like:
A statement of necessary and sufficient conditions explaining the meaning of an expression referring to a class or property.
Alan Ruttenberg
Your proposed definition is a reasonable candidate, except that it is very common that necessary and sufficient conditions are not given. Mostly they are necessary, occasionally they are necessary and sufficient or just sufficient. Often they use terms that are not themselves defined and so they effectively can't be evaluated by those criteria.
On the specifics of the proposed definition:
We don't have definitions of 'meaning' or 'expression' or 'property'. For 'reference' in the intended sense I think we use the term 'denotation'. For 'expression', I think we you mean symbol, or identifier. For 'meaning' it differs for class and property. For class we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine whether an entity is instance of the class, or not. For property we want documentation that let's the intended reader determine, given a pair of potential relata, whether the assertion that the relation holds is true. The 'intended reader' part suggests that we also specify who, we expect, would be able to understand the definition, and also generalizes over human and computer reader to include textual and logical definition.
Personally, I am more comfortable weakening definition to documentation, with instructions as to what is desirable.
We also have the outstanding issue of how to aim different definitions to different audiences. A clinical audience reading chebi wants a different sort of definition documentation/definition from a chemistry trained audience, and similarly there is a need for a definition that is adequate for an ontologist to work with. </obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000117 xml:lang="en">PERSON:Daniel Schober</obo:IAO_0000117>
<obo:IAO_0000119 xml:lang="en">GROUP:OBI:<http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi></obo:IAO_0000119>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/iao.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omo_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omrse_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/uberon_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">definition</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:label>definition</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:label>textual definition</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000116"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000117 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000117"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000118 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000118"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000119 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000119"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001900 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001900"/>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_go_annotation_extension -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_go_annotation_extension">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#SubsetProperty"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_go_ontology -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_go_ontology">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#SubsetProperty"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_gocam -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_gocam">
<rdfs:subPropertyOf rdf:resource="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#SubsetProperty"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omo_import.owl"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/terms/contributor -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/terms/contributor">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omo_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/uberon_import.owl"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/terms/created -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/terms/created">
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/omo_import.owl"/>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator"/>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/terms/description -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/terms/description"/>
<!-- http://purl.org/dc/terms/title -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://purl.org/dc/terms/title"/>
<!-- http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#SubsetProperty -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#SubsetProperty"/>
<!-- http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#hasDbXref -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#hasDbXref"/>
<!-- http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#hasOBONamespace -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#hasOBONamespace"/>
<!-- http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#id -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#id"/>
<!-- http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#inSubset -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#inSubset"/>
<!-- http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#shorthand -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://www.geneontology.org/formats/oboInOwl#shorthand"/>
<!-- http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/homepage"/>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000044 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000044">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T00:59:42Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">implant location</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000050 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000050">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:00:24Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">implant processor location</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000051 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000051">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:00:54Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">electrode layout</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000052 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000052">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:01:12Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">electrode pitch</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000053 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000053">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:01:33Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">electrode diameter</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000054 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000054">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:02:09Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">clinical trial</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000055 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000055">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:02:55Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">first patient year</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000056 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000056">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:03:11Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">FDA approval year</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000057 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000057">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:03:36Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">end of product year</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000058 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000058">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:03:45Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">ce mark year</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000059 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000059">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T01:06:27Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">implant type</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000060 -->
<owl:AnnotationProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000060">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-06-25T03:05:36Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">electrode number</rdfs:label>
</owl:AnnotationProperty>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Object Properties
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051">
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#TransitiveProperty"/>
<obo:IAO_0000111 xml:lang="en">has part</obo:IAO_0000111>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">my body has part my brain (continuant parthood, two material entities)</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">my stomach has part my stomach cavity (continuant parthood, material entity has part immaterial entity)</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112 xml:lang="en">this year has part this day (occurrent parthood)</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000115 xml:lang="en">a core relation that holds between a whole and its part</obo:IAO_0000115>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Everything has itself as a part. Any part of any part of a thing is itself part of that thing. Two distinct things cannot have each other as a part.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Occurrents are not subject to change and so parthood between occurrents holds for all the times that the part exists. Many continuants are subject to change, so parthood between continuants will only hold at certain times, but this is difficult to specify in OWL. See http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ro/docs/temporal-semantics/</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000116 xml:lang="en">Parthood requires the part and the whole to have compatible classes: only an occurrent have an occurrent as part; only a process can have a process as part; only a continuant can have a continuant as part; only an independent continuant can have an independent continuant as part; only a specifically dependent continuant can have a specifically dependent continuant as part; only a generically dependent continuant can have a generically dependent continuant as part. (This list is not exhaustive.)
A continuant cannot have an occurrent as part: use 'participates in'. An occurrent cannot have a continuant as part: use 'has participant'. An immaterial entity cannot have a material entity as part: use 'location of'. An independent continuant cannot have a specifically dependent continuant as part: use 'bearer of'. A specifically dependent continuant cannot have an independent continuant as part: use 'inheres in'.</obo:IAO_0000116>
<obo:IAO_0000118 xml:lang="en">has_part</obo:IAO_0000118>
<obo:RO_0001900 rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001901"/>
<oboInOwl:hasDbXref>BFO:0000051</oboInOwl:hasDbXref>
<oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace>quality</oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace>
<oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace>spatial</oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace>
<oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace>uberon</oboInOwl:hasOBONamespace>
<oboInOwl:id>has_part</oboInOwl:id>
<oboInOwl:inSubset rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_go_annotation_extension"/>
<oboInOwl:inSubset rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_go_ontology"/>
<oboInOwl:inSubset rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/valid_for_gocam"/>
<oboInOwl:shorthand>has_part</oboInOwl:shorthand>
<rdfs:isDefinedBy rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/neio/imports/uberon_import.owl"/>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">has part</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:label>has part</rdfs:label>
<rdfs:label>has_part</rdfs:label>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100">
<obo:IAO_0000112>The commerical partner conducts clinic trials of the device.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000112>The commerical partner sets up the manufacturing workflow.</obo:IAO_0000112>
<obo:IAO_0000115>A relation between a device and an organization in which the organization assists in the process of commercializing the device.</obo:IAO_0000115>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-02-20T16:42:25Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">device commercialized by</rdfs:label>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007000 -->
<owl:ObjectProperty rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007000">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3026"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-04-26T18:21:54Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">device origin organization</rdfs:label>
</owl:ObjectProperty>
<!--
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//
// Classes
//
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-->
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000040 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000040">
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051"/>
<owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000041"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:29:46Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">electrode array</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000041 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000041">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:30:09Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">electrode</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000042 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000042">
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:39:16Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">neural electronic interface device</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000042"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:39:31Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bionic vision device</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000045 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000045">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000042"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:41:47Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">bionic hearing device</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000046 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000046">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000042"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:43:31Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">brain computer interface</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000047 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000047">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000042"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:43:46Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">brain machine interface</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000048 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000048">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T20:59:44Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">cortical bionic vision device</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000049 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000049">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:created rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">2024-05-14T21:00:00Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label xml:lang="en">retinal bionic vision device</rdfs:label>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000101 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000101">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000029"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007000"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007001"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3026"/>
<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>The Alpha AMS is an advanced subretinal implant developed by Retina Implant AG, designed to assist individuals with retinitis pigmentosa, a condition marked by the progressive loss of vision. This implant is an evolution of its predecessor, the [Alpha IMS](/devices/alpha-ims), featuring enhanced functionality with 1,600 light-sensitive photodiodes that more effectively mimic the natural processing of visual signals. Implanted under the retina, the Alpha AMS converts light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain, enabling patients to detect light and dark, and recognize large objects and outlines.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Alpha AMS</rdfs:label>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>subretinal</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000051>rectilinear</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000051>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000052>70</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000052>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000058>2016</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000058>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>electronic</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000060>1600</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000060>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000102 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000102">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000029"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007000"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007001"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3027"/>
<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>The Alpha IMS is a subretinal implant developed by Retina Implant AG, aimed at restoring functional vision for individuals with retinitis pigmentosa, a group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive vision loss. Implanted beneath the retina, the device features a microchip equipped with 1,500 light-sensitive photodiodes, amplifiers, and electrodes. It functions by mimicking the role of photoreceptor cells: capturing light signals and converting them into electrical impulses transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve.
Alpha IMS enables patients to perceive light patterns, assisting in navigation and object recognition. Clinical trials have shown that the implant can enhance visual perception, marking a significant advancement in vision restoration technologies.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Alpha IMS</rdfs:label>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>subretinal</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000051>rectilinear</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000051>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000052>70</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000052>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000058>2013</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000058>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>electronic</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000103 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000103">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000000"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007000"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007002"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3028"/>
<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>This technology is an improved version of what the National Chiao Tung University’s Biomedical Electronics Translational Research Center (BETRC) has been developing. The BETRC created an artificial retina that uses two threads to transmit power from the eyewear worn by the user to a chip implanted in the eyeball. Amazing Vision has added a tiny solar panel to the chip that generates power by absorbing infrared light. This improvement reduces inflammation to the eye, reduces infection risk, and gives clearer and wider vision to the patient it was implanted in. Animal tests have already been conducted and have proven useful. Human testing was delayed due to the pandemic, but is soon to be conducted.
</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>AmazingVision</rdfs:label>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>subretinal</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>electronic</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000104 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000104">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000033"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007000"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0007003"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3029"/>
<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>Argus I was the first-generation prototype of an epiretinal implant manufactured by Second Sight Medical Products.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Argus I</rdfs:label>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>epiretinal</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000044>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000051>4x4</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000051>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000052>800</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000052>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000053>250/500</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000053>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>electronic</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000059>
<neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000060>16</neural-electronic-interface-ontology:NEIO_0000060>
</owl:Class>
<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000105 -->
<owl:Class rdf:about="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000105">
<rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000043"/>
<rdfs:subClassOf>
<owl:Restriction>
<owl:onProperty rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000100"/>
<owl:hasValue rdf:resource="https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000033"/>
</owl:Restriction>
</rdfs:subClassOf>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-1899"/>
<terms:contributor rdf:resource="https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7251-3030"/>
<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>The Argus II is a retinal prosthesis device developed by Second Sight Medical Products, designed for individuals with retinitis pigmentosa, a condition characterized by severe vision impairment. As an epiretinal implant, it is placed directly on the retina's surface and consists of a small camera on eyeglasses that captures visual data. This data is processed by a portable unit and transmitted wirelessly to an electrode array in the eye, stimulating the retina's remaining cells to send visual information to the brain.
Approved by the FDA in 2013 and previously granted the CE Mark in 2011 in Europe, the Argus II was the first retinal implant to receive these certifications, allowing users to perform basic visual tasks.
However, in 2019, Second Sight discontinued the Argus II due to financial challenges, shifting their focus to the development of the [Orion Visual Cortical Prosthesis System](/devices/orion), intended to stimulate the brain's visual cortex directly.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Argus II</rdfs:label>
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<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>Optobionics’ Artificial Silicon Retina microchip (ASR) was invented by Dr. Alan Chow and his brother Vincent Chow. Dr. Chow is an ophthalmic surgeon and assistant professor and his brother Vincent is an electrical engineer.
The ASR was designed to stimulate damaged retinal cells from within the retina to allow the cells to recreate visual signals that are processed and sent to the brain.
The ASR microchip is a silicon chip 2 mm in diameter, 25 microns in thickness and is less than the thickness of a human hair. It fabricated using technology similar to that used in the fabrication of computer chips and contains approximately 5,000 microscopic solar cells called “microphotodiodes,” each with its own stimulating electrode.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>ASR Artificial Silicon Retina</rdfs:label>
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<terms:description>AV-DONE is a direct optic nerve electrode that produces artificial vision in blind patients with retinitis pigmentosa. </terms:description>
<rdfs:label>AV-DONE</rdfs:label>
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<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000108 -->
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<terms:description>The Hybrid Retinal Prosthesis is a novel device that combines an implantable high density electrode array integrated with neurons. The electrode-neuron coupling allows for an increase in phosphene density while preserving retinal circuitry.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Bar-Ilan Hybrid Retinal Prosthesis</rdfs:label>
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<rdfs:label>Biohybrid</rdfs:label>
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<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000110 -->
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<terms:description>The Boston Retinal Implant Project has developed a subretinal, hermetically-enclosed, chronically-implantable vision prosthesis to restore some useful vision to people with degenerative retinal diseases, especially retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration. The prosthesis offers advantages over the competing epiretinal devices by providing a lower risk of eye infection, reduced erosion through the delicate tissues that cover the front of the eye (i.e. the conjunctiva), and the ability to place stimulating electrodes closer to retinal nerve cells. </terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Boston Retinal Implant</rdfs:label>
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<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000111 -->
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<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<rdfs:label>Brindley Cortical Implant</rdfs:label>
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<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>BS01 is an optogenetic prosthesis.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>BS01</rdfs:label>
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<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000113 -->
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<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>The C-Sight group proposed an implantable visual prosthesis based on optic nerve stimulation with an electrode array. (Chai et al. 2013)</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>C-Sight</rdfs:label>
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<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000114 -->
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<terms:description>CORTIVIS is a cortical visual neuroprosthesis that is based on the Utah Electrode Array. It will be used to improve the quality of life of profoundly blind people.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>CORTIVIS</rdfs:label>
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<terms:created>2024-06-25T18:00:00Z</terms:created>
<terms:description>iBionics has developed the Diamond Eye implant with a high density of hermatically-enclosed electrodes, allowing for higher spatial resolution. </terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Diamond Eye Implant</rdfs:label>
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<rdfs:label>Dobelle Eye</rdfs:label>
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<!-- https://w3id.org/neural-electronic-interface-ontology/NEIO_0000117 -->
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<terms:description>The Cortivision team from Polystim neurotechnologies developed a visual cortical stimulator which consists of image sensing, image processing, and brain cortex stimulation to help blind patients acquire a sense of visual perception (Ghannoum 2010). They hope to elaborate a model of the layer 4 of the visual cortex V1 using a large-scale network of biologically realistic neurons.</terms:description>
<rdfs:label>Electronic Visual Cortical Stimulator</rdfs:label>
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