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Hurrian
Evidence about the Hurrian language is scarce and indirect, thus possibly leading to many false assumptions and conclusions.
๐ท๐จ๐ แธชu-ur-ri Hurrian also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri or Hurriter <> Kassite
The largest and most influential Hurrian nation was the kingdom of Mitanni, its ruling class perhaps being Indo-Iranian speakers.
Urartian is closely related to Hurrian
Some argue for it to be part of the PIE language family.
Urartian was also rarely written in the "Anatolian hieroglyphs" used for the Luwian language.
Commenting on this:
A first set of phonemes is richly documented : *H4, *bh, *dh, *ฤh, *H1, *H2, *l, *m, *n, *H3, *p, *s, *w. These phonemes belong to the voiced aspirated, laryngeal and resonant series. They represent the phonological core of PIE. It is unclear if word-initial *st should be considered a phoneme on its own.
- A second set seems to be fairly rare: *gw, *gh, *ghw, *y, *kw.
The reason that gw, *gh, *ghw, *y, *kw are rare is that they are identical with one of H1 H2 H3 / *ฤ, *g, *gw. the voiceless phonemes *วฉ, *k, *t do not seem to combine with laryngeals
PIE *H4ebh-, *H4ew- โsome kind of oat or grass seedโ
IEW *awiฤ- โHaferโ *Haewis โoatsโ Heu Latin avฤna โoatโ:
PIE *H4ed- โat, to(ward)โ (a well-established root)
IEW 3 *ad- โzu, bei, anโ, MalloryโAdams 484 *Haed- (WC) โat, toโ Hurrian -da- โDativeโAllativeโ (Cf. Latin dominล-d)
PIE *H4el- โotherโ (a well-established root) alternate alas else:
IEW 24โ26 *al-: *alyos โandererโ, MalloryโAdams 485 *Haรฉlyos โotherโ Hurrian alaลกe โ(if) otherwiseโ (BGH 16)
Hurrian and Urartian uli โotherโ (BGH 484) (ul- < zero-grade)
Hurrian ullui โon the other handโ (BGH 488)
According to Hurrian, the laryngeal is *H4.
PIE *bheH4-l- โto deceive, be falseโ (a new root)
Cf. Latin falsus โfalseโ,
Greek แผฯฮฟฯฯฮปฮนฮฟฯ โworthless, futileโ Abfall
Hurrian ฮฒal- โfalse, wrongโ (BGH 291โ92)
Abalgamash, King of Marhashi" (๐๐๐ ๐ต๐ฆ ๐ ๐๐๐ด๐ง๐ Abalgamash Lugal Paraahshum-ki)
might be hurrian
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รคะฏ | ๐ฟ |
---|---|
A | ๐ |
b | ๐ |
c | ๐ฟ |
D | ๐ |
ฮด | ๐ง |
E | ๐ |
F | ๐๐ |
G | ๐ผ๐ |
h | ๐ |
I | ๐ |
J | ๐ |
K | ๐ก๐จ๐ |
L | ๐ฏ๐ญ |
M | ๐ |
N | ๐ |
ฯฑ | ๐ข๐ฏ |
P | ๐ช |
Q | ๐ |
R | ๐ |
S | ๐ด |
T | ๐ ๐ |
แนณ | ๐ ฑ๐ข |
V | ๐ |
W | ๐ ณ |
X | ๐ |
Y | ๐ญ |
Z | ๐ ๐ |
SH | ๐ |